Irina Glazunova,¹ Alexander Bakshtanin,¹ Svetlana Sokolova<sup>1

1</sup>Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation)

Abstract

Analysis of energy consumption and energy conservation issues at the contemporary level of development and in the long-term perspective are considered in the paper. Issues on electricity production and consumption are studied on the analysis of the current dynamics of development, as well as the prospects for energy and energy efficiency and conservation in the Republic of Chad. The links between energy conservation and issues of energy security as well as access to electricity have been analyzed. It has been found that the energy conservation agenda is based on duality: managing oil revenues while promoting an environmental transition to renewable energy sources to ensure a cleaner, more sustainable and affordable energy sector. Energy conservation aimed at reducing fossil fuel consumption, which in turn will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and includes the following main measures and actions: diversification of energy sources and increasing the share of renewable energy sources to reduce dependence on wood fuel and imported petroleum products were considered. Development of solar, wind energy and hydro-energy are suggested. One of the way is improving the energy efficiency of thermal power plants as the main supplier of electricity. Priority measures and activities include: developing solar, wind and hydro-energy; improving the energy efficiency of thermal power plants; and implementing energy-saving measures in households. Energy-saving measures in households include: energy-efficient cooking methods to reduce deforestation, the spread of solar power grids, the promotion of LED lamps, the introduction of solar photovoltaic systems for households and public services, and improving the energy efficiency of buildings. The results of water management calculations at the pre-project stage of justifying the creation of a reservoir and hydroelectric power plant on the Shari River are presented. According to the results of the calculations, it was revealed that when assessing the hydro-energy potential of the Shari River based on a comprehensive approach, only in its flat part it is possible to obtain an annual electricity generation that will increase the access to energy resources for the population under the existing energy consumption rate, or to increase the energy consumption rate taking into account all in the article and recommended requirements and methods of energy saving.